Biotic stress (insect) of aonla (Emblica officinalis) in arid region of India: a review
Abstract
Indian gooseberry, Emblica officinalis popularly also known as Aonla, amla, amrit phal is found attacked various number of insect-pests causing considerable damage. In India, the major insect-pests reported from aonla are shoot gall maker Betousa stylophora; leaf roller, Caloptilia (Garcillaria) acidula; hairy caterpillar, Selepa celtis; bark eating caterpillar, Indarbela quardrionotata; leaf roller, Tonica (Psorosticha) ziziphy; bag worm, Zeuzera sp.; fruit borer, Meridarchis sp.; pomegranate butter fly, Deudorix isocrates; fruit sucking moth, Achaea janata; fruit midge, Clinodiplosis sp.; cow bug, Tricentrus congestus; plant hopper, Seliza truncate; spherical mealy bug, Nipaecoccus viridis; weevil, Myllocerus discolour; termite, Odontotermes obesus; leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella and hairy caterpillars, Euproctis fraterna.
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References
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Benthal AP. 1946. Trees of Calcutta and its Neighbourhood. Thacker Spink & Co. Ltd., Calcutta.
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Choudhary RK, Garg VK, Asathi KP & Patel Y. 2005. Field performance of some cultivars of Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaerth) against bark eating caterpillar, Indarbela quadrinotata (Walker). Indian Forester, 131(1): 131-133.
Devi SJ & Rajasekaran B. 2011. Biology and morphology of Aonla aphid, Schoutedonia emblica. Madras Agriculture Journal, 98 (7-9): 277-278.
Haldhar SM & Deshwal HL. 2017. Fundamentals of Agriculture Entomology. New Vishal publication, 1: 1-452.
Haldhar SM, Deshwal HL, Jat GC, Berwal MK & Singh D. 2016a. Pest scenario of ber (Ziziphus mauritianaLam.) in arid regions of Rajasthan: a review. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology 1: 10-21.
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Haldhar SM, Maheshwari SK & Muralidharan CM . 2017a. Pest status of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in arid regions of India: a review. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology, 3: 1-11.
Haldhar SM, Sharma SK, Bhargava R, Singh RS, Sharma BD & Singh D. 2013. Insect pests of arid fruit crops: practical manual for field identification and damage symptoms. CIAH/Tech./Pub, 1-53.
Jhala RC, Bharpoda TM, Patel MG, Patel VB & Patel JR. 2003. Survey on insect pest and their natural enemies occurring in aonla orchard under middle Gujarat condition. Paper presented in Nat. Seminar on production and utilization of aonla, organized by All India Aonla Growers Association, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Khan MMH. 2016. Biology and management of fruit borer, Virachola isocrates (Fab.) infesting Guava. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 41(1): 41-51.
Kumar KP, Jayanthi PDK, Naik SO, Verghese A & Chakravarthy AK. 2017. Biology of anar butterfly, Deudorix isocrates (Fab.) (Lycaenidae: Lepidoptera) on pomegranate, Punica granatum L., International Journal of Pure Applied Bioscience, 5(1): 498-503.
Mahor B. 2007. Studies on non-hemipteron insect pests of aonla, Phyllanthus emblica Linneus.), M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis (Unpublished), JNKVV, College of Agriculture, Gwalior (M.P.).
Malvia TN. 2006. Studies on insect pest complex of aonla. M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis (Unpublished), College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.).
Masarrat Haseeb. 2005. Insect pests of aonla and their management. In: Amla in India, S. S. Mehta and H. P. Singh (Eds.), Aonla Growers Association, Salem. p. 128-138.
Meshram PB, Patra AK & Garg VK. 2003. Seasonal history and chemical control of gall forming insect Betousa stylophora Swinhoe, on Emblica officinalis Gaerth. Indian Forester, 129 (10): 1249-1256.
Rani BU, Kalyanasundaram M & Suresh K. 2006. Major sucking pests of aonla and their management. Indian Journal of Arecanut, Spices and Medicinal Plants, 8: 108-110.
Reddy CN, Singh Y & Singh VS. 2001. Indian Journal of Entomology, 63(3), 211- 214.
Samadia DK & Haldhar SM. 2017. Breeding strategies and scope of improvement in arid zone fruit crop-plants under abiotic stressed agro-climate: an analysis. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology, 4: 1-13.
Satyanarayana C & Arunakumara KT. 2016. Biology and management of guava bark eating caterpillar (Indarbela tetraonis Moore). Agriculture Science Digest, 36 (3): 197-201.
Sen-Sharma PK. 1987. Insect problems in social forestry plantation. Indian-Journal of Forestry, 10 (4); 239-244.
Sharaf NS. 1997. Host plants and natural enemies of mealybugs and other related Homopterans, with special reference to the spherical mealybug, Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead), in Jordan. Dirasat Agricultural Sciences, 24: 383-390.
Sharaf NS & Meyerdrik DE. 1987. A review on the biology, ecology and control of Nipaecoccus viridis (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Miscellaneous Publication of the Entomological Society of America, 66: 1-18.
Singh G. 1993. Insect pest of other subtropical fruits. Advances-in horticulture fruit crop, 3: 1501-1526.
Benthal AP. 1946. Trees of Calcutta and its Neighbourhood. Thacker Spink & Co. Ltd., Calcutta.
Chandha KL. 2001. Hand book of Horticulture. Directorate of information and publications of Agriculture. Indian Council of Agricultural Research Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan, Pusa, New Delhi pp- 1019.
Choudhary RK, Garg VK, Asathi KP & Patel Y. 2005. Field performance of some cultivars of Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaerth) against bark eating caterpillar, Indarbela quadrinotata (Walker). Indian Forester, 131(1): 131-133.
Devi SJ & Rajasekaran B. 2011. Biology and morphology of Aonla aphid, Schoutedonia emblica. Madras Agriculture Journal, 98 (7-9): 277-278.
Haldhar SM & Deshwal HL. 2017. Fundamentals of Agriculture Entomology. New Vishal publication, 1: 1-452.
Haldhar SM, Deshwal HL, Jat GC, Berwal MK & Singh D. 2016a. Pest scenario of ber (Ziziphus mauritianaLam.) in arid regions of Rajasthan: a review. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology 1: 10-21.
Haldhar SM, Jat GC, Acharyya P, Samadia DK, Singh D & Meena SR. 2016b. Integrated pest management and optimal use of pesticides in arid fruit and vegetable crops. In Jatav MK, Acharyya P, Krishna H, Singh D. Samadia DK & Sharma BD (Eds.), Good Management Practices for Horticultural Crops. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi-110034, 355-368.
Haldhar SM, Jat GC, Deshwal HL, Gora JS & Singh D. 2017b. Insect pest and disease management in organic farming. In B Gangwar and NK Jat (Eds), Towards Organic Agriculture. Today & Tomorrow’s Publishers, New Delhi, 359-390.
Haldhar SM, Maheshwari SK & Muralidharan CM . 2017a. Pest status of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in arid regions of India: a review. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology, 3: 1-11.
Haldhar SM, Sharma SK, Bhargava R, Singh RS, Sharma BD & Singh D. 2013. Insect pests of arid fruit crops: practical manual for field identification and damage symptoms. CIAH/Tech./Pub, 1-53.
Jhala RC, Bharpoda TM, Patel MG, Patel VB & Patel JR. 2003. Survey on insect pest and their natural enemies occurring in aonla orchard under middle Gujarat condition. Paper presented in Nat. Seminar on production and utilization of aonla, organized by All India Aonla Growers Association, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Khan MMH. 2016. Biology and management of fruit borer, Virachola isocrates (Fab.) infesting Guava. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 41(1): 41-51.
Kumar KP, Jayanthi PDK, Naik SO, Verghese A & Chakravarthy AK. 2017. Biology of anar butterfly, Deudorix isocrates (Fab.) (Lycaenidae: Lepidoptera) on pomegranate, Punica granatum L., International Journal of Pure Applied Bioscience, 5(1): 498-503.
Mahor B. 2007. Studies on non-hemipteron insect pests of aonla, Phyllanthus emblica Linneus.), M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis (Unpublished), JNKVV, College of Agriculture, Gwalior (M.P.).
Malvia TN. 2006. Studies on insect pest complex of aonla. M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis (Unpublished), College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.).
Masarrat Haseeb. 2005. Insect pests of aonla and their management. In: Amla in India, S. S. Mehta and H. P. Singh (Eds.), Aonla Growers Association, Salem. p. 128-138.
Meshram PB, Patra AK & Garg VK. 2003. Seasonal history and chemical control of gall forming insect Betousa stylophora Swinhoe, on Emblica officinalis Gaerth. Indian Forester, 129 (10): 1249-1256.
Rani BU, Kalyanasundaram M & Suresh K. 2006. Major sucking pests of aonla and their management. Indian Journal of Arecanut, Spices and Medicinal Plants, 8: 108-110.
Reddy CN, Singh Y & Singh VS. 2001. Indian Journal of Entomology, 63(3), 211- 214.
Samadia DK & Haldhar SM. 2017. Breeding strategies and scope of improvement in arid zone fruit crop-plants under abiotic stressed agro-climate: an analysis. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology, 4: 1-13.
Satyanarayana C & Arunakumara KT. 2016. Biology and management of guava bark eating caterpillar (Indarbela tetraonis Moore). Agriculture Science Digest, 36 (3): 197-201.
Sen-Sharma PK. 1987. Insect problems in social forestry plantation. Indian-Journal of Forestry, 10 (4); 239-244.
Sharaf NS. 1997. Host plants and natural enemies of mealybugs and other related Homopterans, with special reference to the spherical mealybug, Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead), in Jordan. Dirasat Agricultural Sciences, 24: 383-390.
Sharaf NS & Meyerdrik DE. 1987. A review on the biology, ecology and control of Nipaecoccus viridis (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Miscellaneous Publication of the Entomological Society of America, 66: 1-18.
Singh G. 1993. Insect pest of other subtropical fruits. Advances-in horticulture fruit crop, 3: 1501-1526.
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Published
2019-06-15
How to Cite
Haldhar, S., Ram, C., & Singh, D. (2019). Biotic stress (insect) of aonla (Emblica officinalis) in arid region of India: a review. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology, 7(7), 16–26. Retrieved from https://saaer.org.in/journals/index.php/jae/article/view/199
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